Ransomware
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def
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malware that encrypts a victim's data files (pictures, documents, music, movies, etc.) while leaving the operating system itself running, then demands payment for the decryption key
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note
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the attacker wants the victim's system running but not usable — an unfortunate, malicious application of public-key cryptography, paid for via untraceable payment systems
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protection
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always keep an offline backup; keep the OS, applications, and anti-virus/anti-malware signatures fully up to date
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related
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