Proxy
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def
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a device that sits between users and an external network, receiving user requests and sending them on the user's behalf
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uses
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caching information, access control, URL filtering, content scanning
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types
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forward proxy — an "internal" proxy commonly used to protect and control user access to the internet
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reverse proxy — handles inbound traffic from the internet to an internal service
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open proxy — a third-party, uncontrolled proxy; a significant security concern, often used to circumvent existing security controls
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application proxy — understands how a specific application works (may support just one, like HTTP, or several — HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, etc.); NAT is one of the simplest network-level proxies
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transparency
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explicit proxies require the application to know how to use them; transparent proxies are invisible to the application
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related
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