DIKW Hierarchy

Updated 18 Sep 2026

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What it is
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  a conceptual framework connecting data, information, knowledge, and wisdom
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Levels
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  Data — recorded observations
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  Information — contextualized meaning
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  Unavailable reference — understanding supporting explanation and action
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  Wisdom — judgment about appropriate action
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Course Mnemonic
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  Information — who, what, where, when
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  knowledge — how
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Caution
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  these question words are a teaching aid, not strict definitions
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  more data does not automatically produce knowledge or wise decisions

Linked references 3